Critical Discourse Analysis of the Holy Quran in Refuting and Transforming Multiple Deities into the One Allah with Multiple Attributes

The transformation of the discursive culture of pre-Islamic Arabs into a revelatory discourse is due to the effective method of the Holy Quran. This method, by focusing on the pre-revelation cultural discourse and utilizing empathy for persuasion, aims to gradually transform the existing discourse into the foundational discourse of the Holy Quran. One of the most fundamental pre-revelation discourses that influenced all aspects of life and thought in the Arabian Peninsula was the concept of diverse and numerous deities. Discovering the model of the Quran's approach to transforming multiple deities into pure Quranic monotheism, in addition to epistemological results, provides an effective model for changing perspectives in resolving perceptual and attitudinal doubts. Therefore, the present study, using library-analytical tools, descriptive-analytical methods, and critical discourse analysis, seeks to answer the question: What were the steps and processes of establishing the Quranic discourse in criticizing the discourse of pre-Islamic Arabs in nullifying and transforming multiple deities into the one Allah with multiple attributes? The findings of the research indicate that in the discourse of pre-Islamic Arab beliefs, Allah was the Lord of lords of the polytheists and had aspects such as creatorship, absolute power, and absolute knowledge. The deities of Lat, Manat, and Uzza were respectively symbols of worship, fate, desires, honor, and greatness. The Holy Quran, while criticizing the existing discourse, expanded the functions of Allah and ultimately transformed the functions of the three deities into three attributes of Allah, thereby establishing monotheism. This process is introduced as an efficient model for changing attitudes in resolving insight and attitudinal doubts.

کلیدواژه ها:

Holy Quran ، Allah ، monotheism ، critical discourse ، Three Goddesses