Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pathogens Isolated from Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Kamkar Hospital, Qom, Iran, ۲۰۲۴

Background and Objective: Healthcare-associated infections, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), are among the most significant challenges in healthcare systems. The increasing antibiotic resistance among hospital pathogens complicates the selection of appropriate empirical therapy and is associated with higher mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and increased treatment costs. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogens isolated from ICU patients in Kamkar Hospital, Qom, Iran, in ۲۰۲۴. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on ICU patients with positive microbial cultures. Demographic data, types of specimens, isolated pathogens, and antibiogram results were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: Gram-negative bacteria accounted for the majority of isolates. The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The highest resistance rates were observed against penicillins, some cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones. The lowest resistance rates were observed with carbapenems and colistin, although resistance to these last-resort antibiotics was also detected. Patients infected with resistant strains had poorer clinical outcomes. Conclusion: The high prevalence of resistant Gram-negative bacteria in ICUs highlights the necessity for continuous monitoring of the resistance patterns and the implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs. Targeted therapy based on culture and antibiogram results is essential to reduce resistance and improve patient outcomes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Antibiogram ، Drug resistance ، Intensive care units ، Microbial pathogens ، Multidrug-resistant ، Nosocomial infection