Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Magnesium Sulfate on Oxidative Stress and Reduction of Acetylcholinesterase Activity Induced by Imidacloprid in the Brain of Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Introduction: The widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides, especially imidacloprid (IMC), has increased chronic exposure and caused neurological disorders and oxidative stress in vertebrates. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO۴), a known antioxidant, can play a protective role against neurotoxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of MgSO۴ on oxidative stress indices and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brains of male Wistar rats exposed to IMC. Materials and Methods: A total of ۴۲ male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, including sham, solvent, ۱/۴ LD۵۰ IMC, ۱/۲ LD۵۰ IMC, MgSO۴, ۱/۴ IMC MgSO۴+, and ۱/۴ IMC MgSO۴+. All interventions were administered by oral gavage for ۲۸ days. After euthanasia, AChE activity and oxidative stress indices, including MDA, GSH, CAT, GST, and SOD, were measured in brain tissue. Results: Administration of IMC significantly decreased AChE activity and GSH levels and increased MDA, CAT, GST, and SOD (P<۰.۰۰۰۱), indicating oxidative stress and neurological dysfunction. Concomitant administration of MgSO۴ with IMC increased AChE and GSH activity and decreased oxidative indices, such that the values ​​were close to the control group, and a significant difference (P<۰.۰۵ to P<۰.۰۰۰۱) was observed with the two IMC groups. Conclusion: The findings indicate that MgSO۴ can reduce the harmful neurological and oxidative effects of IMC and play an important role as a protective factor against pesticide toxicity. The present study provides scientific support for the use of MgSO۴ in the prevention and control of oxidative stress-induced disorders.

کلیدواژه ها:

Brain ، Imidacloprid (IMC) ، Magnesium sulfate (MgSO۴) ، Male rat ، Oxidative stress