A Review on Advances in Zeolite Nanocatalysts for Octane Number Enhancement of Motor Fuels

Improving the octane number of motor fuels is a critical challenge for enhancing engine performance and reducing harmful emissions. Zeolite-based nanocatalysts have emerged as highly effective materials in various petroleum refining processes, including catalytic cracking, hydroisomerization, and alkylation. This review summarizes recent advances in the design, synthesis, and application of zeolite nanocatalysts for octane number enhancement, focusing on natural gas liquids and n-alkanes as feedstocks. Key factors influencing catalytic performance, such as zeolite framework type, particle size, acidity, and reaction conditions, are discussed. Recent developments in hierarchical and nanosized zeolites have shown improved selectivity, stability, and mass transport, enabling more efficient conversion of linear hydrocarbons into branched isomers with higher octane numbers. The review also highlights the environmental advantages of using solid zeolite catalysts instead of traditional liquid acids in industrial processes. Finally, challenges and future directions for integrating advanced zeolite nanocatalysts into sustainable gasoline production are outlined, emphasizing opportunities for energy-efficient and environmentally friendly fuel upgrading.

کلیدواژه ها:

Zeolite nanocatalysts ، Octane number ، Isomerization ، Catalytic cracking ، Natural gas liquids ، Fuel upgrading