EVALUATION OF AN A-ECMS CONTROL ALGORITHM ON A MILD HYBRID P۲ HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE

This study evaluated a charge-sustaining supervisory control framework for a P۲ parallel HEV using an adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy implemented in Simulink with explicit feasibility and drivability considerations (constraint penalties, traction-power tracking penalties, and an engine power-rate limit). A discrete PI-based adaptation law was used to update the ECMS equivalence factor online in response to SOC tracking error, while a two-state clutch logic governed engine-motor coupling to enable efficient transitions between decoupled electric/regenerative operation and coupled hybrid propulsion. Simulation results demonstrated coherent energy management behavior: the SOC trajectory exhibited an initial discharge followed by recovery toward the initial level, indicating effective charge balance; torque-split traces showed the engine providing the majority of sustained positive torque with the electric machine contributing transient assist and significant regenerative braking; and the clutch command remained stable during higher-speed operation while switching appropriately during low-speed transients. Overall performance on the NEDC showed that the P۲ hybrid achieved ۵.۹ L/۱۰۰ km fuel consumption compared with ۶.۹ L/۱۰۰ km for the baseline, corresponding to a ۱.۰ L/۱۰۰ km (۱۴.۵%) reduction, thereby supporting the effectiveness of the proposed A-ECMS-based supervisory strategy for improving fuel economy while preserving charge-sustaining operation.

کلیدواژه ها:

P۲ mild hybrid electric vehicle ، parallel HEV architecture ، energy management strategy ، adaptive ECMS (A-ECMS)