The role of computers in emerging education: opportunities, challenges, and a conceptual framework

The rapid advancement of computer technologies has transformed educational practices, giving rise to emerging education paradigms such as e-learning, virtual classrooms, gamified learning, and adaptive learning systems. This paper reviews international and domestic research on the role of computers in education, highlighting technological, pedagogical, and managerial dimensions. Key benefits, including enhanced engagement, accessibility, personalized learning, and collaboration, are discussed, along with challenges such as digital divide, teacher readiness, cyber security, and infrastructure limitations. A conceptual framework is proposed for integrating computer-based technologies in formal education systems, emphasizing sustainability, equity, and quality.

کلیدواژه ها:

Computers ، educational technology ، e-learning ، virtual classrooms ، gamified learning