Synergistic effect of Zinc Phthalocyanine (ZnPC)@MIL-۱۰۱ framework and laser radiation on mcf-۷ breast cancer cells: an experimental combination study

Objective(s): Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPC), a potent photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT), often suffers from poor solubility and aggregation, limiting its efficacy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) like MIL-۱۰۱ can serve as nanocarriers to overcome these issues. This experimental study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and synergistic anticancer efficacy of ZnPC incorporated within the MIL-۱۰۱ framework (ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱) against MCF-۷ breast cancer cells. ZnPC was chosen for its strong red-light absorption and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while MIL-۱۰۱ offers a stable, porous platform to enhance ZnPC delivery and photoactivity.Materials and Methods: ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱ (Cr) was synthesized via a double-solvent method. Characterization involved PXRD, BET analysis, FESEM, DLS, EDX spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The loading capacity was determined, and singlet oxygen generation was quantified. Anticancer efficacy and PDT synergy with ۶۶۰ nm laser radiation were evaluated on MCF-۷ cells using MTT assays. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA.Result: Successful synthesis of crystalline ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱ was confirmed. The loading capacity of ZnPC was found to be ۸.۵%. BET analysis showed reduced surface area (۱۷۰۹.۴ m²/g) and pore size (۱.۷۱ nm) post-ZnPC loading, indicating effective incorporation. FESEM/DLS showed particle sizes around ۳۶۸/۴۳۹.۷ nm, respectively. EDX confirmed uniform Zn distribution. The UV-Vis spectrum of ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱ displayed the characteristic Q-band of ZnPC, and the nanocomposite exhibited significant singlet oxygen generation upon laser irradiation. ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱ exhibited moderate dark toxicity (IC۵۰: ۲۵ µg/mL), which was significantly enhanced upon laser irradiation (IC۵۰: ۱۰ µg/mL, p < ۰.۰۱).Conclusion: ZnPC@MIL-۱۰۱ combined with laser radiation demonstrated a significant synergistic reduction in MCF-۷ cell viability. This highlights its potential as an effective PDT agent, offering a promising strategy to enhance ZnPC-based cancer treatment.

کلیدواژه ها:

Metal-organic frameworks ، Photosensitizing agents ، Drug Delivery ، Nanocarrier ، Cytotoxicity