Renal filariasis in a camel: a case report

Background: Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by nematodes with worldwide distribution, affecting animals and also humans. Dipetalonema evansi is a filarial nematode that mainly affects camels, inhabiting the heart, hepatic, pulmonary, and spermatic arteries, as well as lymph nodes. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes and is the most common in camels aged ۴-۵ years. Methods: This case report is based on a detailed inspection of an approximately ۳-۴-year-old male camel carcass from the southern region of Kerman province, examined at the Kerman slaughterhouse according to standard macroscopic examination protocols. Results: This inspection revealed no external abnormalities, while both kidneys appeared normal in color and consistency, without any other macroscopic lesions. However, numerous adult filarial worms were observed on the renal capsules, The worms were long, grayish, twisted and easily detachable. The macroscopic characteristics of the parasites were consistent with the genus Filaria (Filaria spp.), and such renal infections in camels are considered extremely rare. Previous reports showed higher infection in females; however, in this study, it was found in a male camel. Apart from mild testicular swelling and an enlarged penis, the animal exhibited no other clinical signs. Conclusion: Apparently healthy camels can harbor numerous adult filarial worms. Careful inspection and removal of affected edible organs are crucial for food safety. Although camel filariasis is not zoonotic, occupational exposure may trigger allergic or localized reactions. This appears to be the first reported case of filarial infection in camel renal capsules.

کلیدواژه ها:

Camel ، Filariasis ، Kidney ، Food safety