Cytologic Diagnosis and Complete Excision of a Malignant Mammary Adenocarcinoma in an Intact ۸-Year-Old Spitz Dog: A Case Report

Background: Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are among the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs, with hormonal exposure playing a major role in their malignant transformation. This report describes the cytologic and histopathologic diagnosis and complete surgical excision of a malignant mammary adenocarcinoma in an intact ۸-year-old Spitz dog. Methods: The mass was evaluated using fine-needle aspiration (FNA), followed by regional mastectomy under inhalational anaesthesia. A preoperative complete blood count (CBC) and postoperative follow-up were performed to assess systemic status and recovery. The excised tissue was submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Results: Cytology revealed cohesive epithelial clusters with marked anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, and coarse chromatin, consistent with malignant epithelial neoplasia. Histopathology confirmed a malignant mammary adenocarcinoma with tubular/tubulopapillary architecture and high mitotic activity, and surgical margins were free of tumour. CBC demonstrated leukocytosis with neutrophilia and mild anaemia, indicating chronic inflammation. The tumour was completely excised, and the patient recovered uneventfully. Conclusion: This case highlights the strong association between intact reproductive status and the development of malignant mammary tumours in dogs. It also demonstrates the diagnostic value of cytology supported by histopathology and the effectiveness of complete surgical excision for achieving local disease control.

کلیدواژه ها:

Dog ، Mammary gland ، Adenocarcinoma ، Cytology ، Histopathology ، Spay status