Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Feline Herpesvirus: An In-Depth Evaluation

Background: Feline herpesvirus type ۱ (FHV-۱) is a virulent pathogen that induces extensive respiratory and ocular disease in cats worldwide. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is imperative for effective management of disease, whereas new treatments are needed for improving clinical efficacy. Methods: The advances in diagnostic techniques have resulted in the formulation of extremely sensitive and specific assays, such as the one-tube dRPA-Cas۱۲a/Cas۱۳a assay, dual enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA), and dual Nano-PCR assays. These allow the FHV-۱ infection to be detected quickly and accurately. These molecular techniques improve diagnostic precision, thereby making early intervention and the prevention of disease transmission possible. Meanwhile, advances in antiviral medication, immunomodulatory medication, and supportive care strategies also move forward, leading to better treatment results. Antiviral medications, including famciclovir, are important in inhibiting viral replication, whereas interferon therapy modulates the immune system to increase virus resistance. Supportive therapies, including hydration control, nutritional supplementation, and control of secondary bacterial infections, are likewise vital in minimizing clinical signs and symptoms and facilitating recovery. Results: This review discusses in detail the recent techniques employed in the detection and therapy of FHV-۱, emphasizing their significance in veterinary practice. Conclusion: In the future, the integration of sophisticated diagnostic equipment along with specific therapeutic strategies will be most critical in eliminating the effects of feline herpesvirus on cats and also in improving the quality of life of the cats.

کلیدواژه ها:

Feline herpesvirus type ۱ (FHV-۱) ، polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ، antiviral therapy ، famciclovir ، immunomodulatory drugs