From Prevention to Management: The Role of Midwives in Reducing Maternal Mortality Caused by Postpartum Hemorrhage (A Systematic Review)

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the most common and life-threatening causes of maternal mortality worldwide. Midwives, as frontline providers of maternal care, play a crucial role in the early identification, prevention, and management of this critical condition. This study aimed to systematically review the existing evidence on the role of midwives in preventing and managing postpartum hemorrhage and its impact on reducing maternal deaths. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SID databases using the keywords postpartum hemorrhage, midwifery care, maternal mortality, and management for studies published between ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۲۵. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, ۳۴ relevant studies were selected and analyzed through content analysis. Results: The review indicated that active management of the third stage of labor, early recognition of warning signs, continuous midwifery education on obstetric emergency protocols, and effective communication within the healthcare team were key factors in reducing the incidence and severity of postpartum hemorrhage. Moreover, strengthening midwives’ clinical decision-making skills and preparedness for emergency response were highlighted as critical determinants of improved maternal outcomes. Conclusion: The role of midwives across the continuum from prevention to management of postpartum hemorrhage is fundamental and irreplaceable. Enhancing midwives’ professional competencies, developing evidence-based educational protocols, and ensuring systemic support can substantially reduce maternal mortality rates. Empowering midwives is not only a professional priority but also a strategic approach to achieving maternal health and safety at national and global levels.

کلیدواژه ها:

Postpartum hemorrhage ، Midwifery ، Prevention ، Maternal mortality ، Systematic review