Adsorption of Methyl Orange onto Biosorbent from Pistachio Shell: Effects of Different Activation Methods

Agricultural waste represents a significant source of various bio-products that can help mitigate environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, while also reducing our reliance on fossil resources. This study focuses on the production of high-value biosorbents derived from pistachio hard skin (PHS). The biomass of PHS was utilized as a precursor for the development of different biosorbents through three distinct activation methods: solvent extraction, chemical activation with phosphoric acid, and pyrolysis processes. The produced biosorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. Depending on the activation methods employed, the adsorption capacities of the biosorbents for the Methyl Orange (MO) dye component varied from approximately ۱۰۰ to ۷۰۰ mg/g. Notably, the maximum adsorption capacity was achieved after the pyrolysis process. Furthermore, isotherm studies indicated that the Sips and Langmuir isotherm models provided a relatively better fit for the experimental data, with R۲ values of ۰.۹۹۹ and ۰.۹۸۳, respectively.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biosorbent ، Pistachio Hard Skin ، Methyl Orange ، Biomass