Advancing Remyelination Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: Beyond Inflammation Control

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a long‐term disease that is frequently progressive and affects the central nervous system (CNS). This in turn breaks down the myelin sheath the protective covering around nerve fibers. Damage to myelin leads to a breakdown in nerve communication and can cause a number of neurological conditions. This study examines recent approaches towards increasing remyelination in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population as the protection of oligodendrocytes and promotion of remyelination are essential therapeutic goals. Materials and methods: A search was performed in national and international databases with the use of specific keywords. This search resulted in the identification of ۲۳۵ articles, on “remyelination” and “multiple sclerosis”. Seventy articles were included in this review from ۲۰۰۰ up to ۲۰۲۰. These findings lead to the conclusion that already established immunomodulatory therapies have some benefits for reduction of myelin breakdown, but are rather poor at promoting remyelination, most notably in progressive MS.Controversially during the last years a change has been made towards compounds targeting (symptomatic) inflammation as well as remyelination. These interventions may optimize function and may promote axonal conduction. These strategies, including stem cell therapy, growth factors, small molecules and gene therapies hold promise in future treatment of MS. Not only are they trying to stop further loss of myelin, but also attempt to repair what damage has already been done.

کلیدواژه ها:

multiple sclerosis ، Central nervous system ، REMYELINATION ، Stem cell therapies ، Nerve Fibers