The Domestic violence against women: A review of causes and explanations, types and forms, areas of vulnerability, and its role in causing or exacerbating mental disorders and damaging psychological functions.

Domestic violence against women is one of the most severe examples of gender inequality that has numerous physical, psychological, and social consequences and is also considered a violation of human rights. The purpose of the present study is to examine domestic violence against women, review its causes and explanations, types and forms, vulnerable areas, and its role in creating or exacerbating mental disorders and cognitive dysfunction in its victims. The study was conducted in the form of a review of articles from Google Scholar, Science Direct, Pub Med, and Elsevier databases and electronic reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) for English sources and databases (SID, Noor Mags, ensani.ir, and Mag iran) for Persian sources, along with library studies. The findings showed that the theories proposed to explain domestic violence against women are examined at three levels: micro, meso, and macro. At the micro level, we can refer to the theory of social learning and gender socialization; at the meso level, we can refer to the theory of resources and base incompatibility, homogamy, and the network of family relationships; and at the macro level, we can refer to the theory of economic pressure and feminist theory. The types and forms of domestic violence against women are classified as physical, sexual, psychological, economic, social, emotional, and verbal violence. The consequences of domestic violence against women are expressed in four areas of individual, marital, family, and social harms, and domestic violence against women plays a role in creating or exacerbating mental disorders and damage to psychological functions. The most common psychological disorders observed in women victims of domestic violence include depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety disorders.

کلیدواژه ها:

Domestic violence ، Women ، Mental disorders ، Causes