The Effect of Exercise Training Timing on SREBP Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue of Diabetic Mice

Objective: Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-۱c (SREBP-۱c) regulates lipid metabolism, and its disruption in diabetes leads to lipid accumulation, insulin resistance, and inflammation. BMAL۱, a core circadian clock gene, modulates physiological rhythms. This study aimed to examine the effect of aerobic exercise timing on BMAL۱ and SREBP-۱c expression in adipose tissue of diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty male mice were randomly assigned to two temporal groups: ZT۳ (light phase) and ZT۱۵ (dark phase). Within each time point, animals were divided into three subgroups: Healthy Control (HC), Diabetic Control (DC), and Diabetic + Exercise Training (TD). Diabetes was induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections. After confirmation, the TD groups performed treadmill running for eight weeks (۶۰–۸۰ min/day, ۵۰–۶۰% Vmax, ۵ days/week) at their respective time points. Gene expression of BMAL۱ and SREBP-۱c was analyzed using Real-time PCR, and data were statistically evaluated using SPSS. Results: Exercise during the dark phase significantly increased BMAL۱ (P< ۰.۰۰۰۱) and SREBP۱ (P< ۰.۰۵) levels in the diabetic group compared to the diabetic control group. No significant differences were observed in BMAL۱ or SREBP۱ levels between the diabetic control group and the diabetic group with exercise during the light phase. Conclusion: The results show that by upregulating BMAL۱ and SREBP-۱c in adipose tissue, evening exercise improves metabolic status in diabetic mice. These findings lay the groundwork for further translational research in humans and point to possible uses in developing time-specific exercise interventions for the management of diabetes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diabetes mellitus ، Exercise training ، SREBP-۱c ، BMAL۲ Protein ، Adipose tissue