Dodartia orientalis reproduction under temperature, salinity, and burial constraints

Dodartia Dodartia orientalis L. (Scrophulariaceae) is an invasive perennial weed that has been investigated as a medicinal plant species. There are no comprehensive studies on the biology of this weed. Seven experiments on seeds and rhizomes were conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse at the Weed Research Department of the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection in ۲۰۱۸ and ۲۰۱۹. The results showed that dodartia seed viability was ۶۲.۵%. The optimum constant and alternating temperatures for seed germination were ۲۰ °C and ۱۵/۲۵ °C, respectively. Alternating temperature was more appropriate than constant temperature for dodartia seed germination. The use of concentrated sulfuric acid (۹۸%) for ۲ minutes was the best stimulus for Dodartia seed germination. Conversely, gibberellin did not stimulate seed germination. The seeds germinated at NaCl concentrations < ۳۰۰ mM. The study of dodartia vegetative reproduction under the effect of various environmental factors showed that the optimal planting depths and lengths for rhizome emergence were ۲.۵ cm and ۱۵ cm, respectively. Rhizomes did not emerge in response to salt stress (for all studied NaCl concentrations).Additionally, the planting depth and smaller rhizome size lead to a longer time to shoot emergence. The study of cold stress effects revealed that Dodartia rhizome emerged after ۲۴ and ۴۸ hours of incubation at ۰ °C and -۵ °C. Dodartia rhizomes emerged after ۲۴, ۴۸, and ۷۲ hours at ۲۵ °C, and after ۴۸ hours at ۰ °C and -۵ °C. However, keeping rhizomes at -۱۰ °C resulted in their loss of viability. Our findings indicate that breaking rhizomes into small pieces and deep burial are crucial for effectively controlling Dodartia growth.

کلیدواژه ها:

invasive weed ، Seed germination ، Vegetative reproduction ، Weed biology