Production of parental lines using temperature and radiation treatments in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

Haploid and double-haploid technology through gametophytic embryogenesis and the altered expression of genes involved in the emergence of important agricultural traits allows for utilizing the genetic potential of genotypes and provides a suitable strategy for hybrid seed production. To this aim, this research was conducted in two two-factor factorial experiments as a completely randomized design with three replications in the research greenhouses of the Southern Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Kerman province in ۲۰۲۳. Five levels of genotypes were determined as the first factor, and pollen radiation at two doses (۳۰۰ and ۳۵۰ Gy) and two temperature treatments of ۳۵ °C for ۶ and ۱۲ hours to sterilize greenhouse cucumber pollens were specified as the second factor. The results indicated that haploid seedlings were obtained through parthenogenesis induction in cucumber genotypes. One-third of the fruits after pollination with treated pollens contained at least one parthenogenetic embryo. Since an optimal radiation dose is a key influential factor on the efficiency of parthenogenetic embryo induction, the ploidy level in double-haploid seedlings treated with ۳۰۰ Gy of gamma radiation (۱۰.۶۷) and ۶-hour temperature treatment at ۳۵ °C (۸.۶۸) led to the highest haploid induction. Half of the produced plants possessed the haploid chromosome number and a combination of normal chromosomes and mixoploid chromosomes. The chromosome number was doubled in haploid plants by the laboratory colchicine treatment at a concentration of ۵۰۰ mg/l for ۲۴ h. This method can be used to produce homozygous lines for use in cucumber breeding programs.

کلیدواژه ها:

chromosome ، Cucurbitaceae ، Hybrid seed ، Haploid ، Induction of parthenocarpy ، Treated pollen