Recent Advances in Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering: Properties, Applications, and Challenges

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers have emerged as a versatile biomaterial in tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and ability to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review highlights recent advancements (۲۰۲۱–present) in PVA nanofibers, focusing on their physicochemical and biological properties, fabrication techniques, and diverse applications across skin, bone, nerve, and vascular tissue engineering. Electrospun PVA nanofibers, often functionalized with bioactive molecules, polymers, or nanoparticles, demonstrate enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. Key developments include composite scaffolds for bone repair, bioactive wound dressings, nerve guidance conduits, and vascular grafts. Despite challenges in degradation control, mechanical matching, and scalability, future prospects lie in smart stimuli-responsive systems, green crosslinking strategies, and hybrid fabrication methods. PVA nanofibers hold significant promise for advancing regenerative medicine, offering tailored solutions for complex tissue repair and clinical translation.

کلیدواژه ها:

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ، nanofibers ، tissue engineering ، electrospinning ، regenerative medicine ، biomaterials