Genetic Basis of Thyroid Cancer: The Role of MMP۲ and MMP۹ Polymorphisms

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a critical role in tumor invasion and metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study investigates the association of MMP۲ (rs۷۲۰۱) and MMP۹ (rs۱۷۵۷۶) polymorphisms with PTC risk and clinical characteristics, aiming to inform personalized medicine approaches.Methods: A case-control study was conducted with ۲۱۰ PTC patients and ۲۱۰ controls. Genotype frequencies were analyzed using Chi-Square tests, and odds ratios (ORs) with ۹۵% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Associations with clinical characteristics (T Status, N Status, Stage) were assessed in PTC patients.Results: The MMP۲ rs۷۲۰۱ CC genotype was significantly associated with increased PTC risk (OR = ۳.۵۲۴, ۹۵% CI = ۱.۸۰۹–۶.۸۶۷, p = ۰.۰۰۱) and advanced T Status (T۳: ۴۸.۶%, p = ۰.۰۲۹), but not with N Status (p = ۰.۵۰۹) or Stage (p = ۰.۴۶۱). The C allele was more frequent in cases (۴۴%) than controls (۳۲%) (OR = ۱.۵۹۰, p = ۰.۰۰۱). Conversely, MMP۹ rs۱۷۵۷۶ showed no association with PTC risk (GG: OR = ۰.۷۲۷, p = ۰.۲۷۷) or clinical characteristics (p > ۰.۰۵). Both polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls.Conclusion: The MMP۲ rs۷۲۰۱ CC genotype and C allele are associated with increased PTC risk and tumor progression, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for personalized risk stratification. These findings support genotype-based screening to identify high-risk PTC patients, enabling tailored surveillance and therapeutic strategies. Further studies are needed to validate these associations and explore their utility in precision medicine.

کلیدواژه ها:

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ، MMP۲ ، MMP۹ ، Polymorphism ، Personalized Medicine