Cascade PID Control for Enhanced Voltage Regulation in Diesel Generators

Diesel generators are vital for reliable power supply in standalone systems, microgrids, and critical infrastructure, such as hospitals and data centers, where stable output voltage is essential to prevent equipment damage and ensure operational continuity. However, maintaining consistent voltage under dynamic load conditions remains challenging due to alternator dynamics and load disturbances. This paper proposes a cascade PID control strategy to enhance voltage regulation in diesel generators, employing a primary PID loop to regulate output voltage and a secondary loop to control excitation current. The cascade approach offers significant advantages, including faster disturbance rejection, reduced voltage overshoot, and improved stability compared to single-loop PID control, by leveraging the rapid response of the excitation system. This results in enhanced power quality, increased equipment lifespan, and greater reliability for sensitive loads. Simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, demonstrating superior transient response and robust performance under varying load conditions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cascade PID ، diesel generator ، voltage regulation ، control systems ، power quality