The Kosovo War of ۱۹۹۹: A Multidimensional Analysis Through International Relations Paradigms

The Kosovo War in ۱۹۹۹ was one of the historical events in international relations, marked by ethnic tensions, humanitarian crises, and international intervention. This paper will explore the war from four paradigms of International Relations, including Realism, Liberalism, the English School, and Constructivism. Some reasons for conflict include historical issues paired with identity-based divisions between Kosovar Albanians and Serbs and international reactions, especially NATO's military intervention and the UN's post-war administration through UNMIK. These results tend to show how realism puts NATO's intervention as a way to keep regional stability and balance considered as the influence of rival countries. At the same time, the liberalism paradigm emphasizes international cooperation and humanitarian principles as needed to respond to mass violations. The English School highlighted the tension between sovereignty and the emerging norm of humanitarian intervention, while constructivism underlines how identities and narratives conditions of the nations affected the legitimacy of the international system and state global actions. The Kosovo War is one of the important case studies that try to show the balance of power among the states in the international system with normative principles and social constructs as a way to solve conflicts. It also provides information to understand the modern interpretation of humanitarian conflicts, as a challenge to state sovereignty, and how the norm of intervention has changed over time. This condition tries to understand how power, principle, and perception of people link to each other within international relations blend several theories with real politic situations.

کلیدواژه ها:

Kosovo War ، Realism ، Liberalism ، English School ، Constructivism ، Humanitarian Intervention ، Sovereignty