Advancements in smart materials and structures: sustainability and standardization

Smart materials, defined by their ability to respond dynamically to external stimuli, encompass a wide variety of types, including shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, electroactive polymers, and self-healing materials, among others. The paper highlights their groundbreaking applications across industries such as aerospace, medical devices, robotics, and energy management. A significant emphasis is placed on sustainability, discussing strategies like material minimization, energy efficiency, recyclability, and the use of environmentally friendly production methods. Additionally, the study examines the critical role of standardization in ensuring performance consistency, safety, and broader market adoption of smart materials, detailing key global standards and their impact on industry practices. Current challenges, such as high costs, durability concerns, and complex standardization requirements, are outlined alongside emerging trends, including the integration of smart materials into smart cities, the development of multimaterial systems, and the application of artificial intelligence in material design and predictive maintenance. This comprehensive review offers insights into how smart materials can shape a more sustainable and adaptive technological future while addressing pressing industrial and environmental needs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Smart materials ، Smart structure ، Standardization ، Sustainability