Numerical investigation of settlement effect caused by tunneling on surface structures based on pile group

Department of Civil Engineering, Robatkarim Branch, Islamic Azad University, Robatkarim, Iran.

Department of Civil Engineering, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Department of Civil Engineering, Robatkarim Branch, Islamic Azad University, Robatkarim, Iran.

Structural Engineering, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Bushehr Branch, Iran.