Feasibility of Criminalizing Activities Related to Genetically Modified Products in Iran

Background and Aim: The field of genetics and genetic manipulation is a critically important issue that, in its evolutionary trajectory, has extended beyond plants and animals, affecting human genes and resulting in significant implications for fundamental human rights. Such processes must be carried out in a way that encompasses both ethical and religious concerns, while also safeguarding public health rights standards. Consequently, the objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of criminalizing activities related to genetically modified products in Iran. Methodology: This research employs a descriptive-analytical methodology, utilizing relevant legal and medical sources in this domain, while also considering recent academic publications on the subject. Ethical Considerations: In the preparation of this paper, all research ethics and principles of academic integrity have been diligently observed. Findings: The study’s findings indicate that, despite the presence of various regulations within Iran's legal framework, none of the existing laws explicitly criminalize activities related to the production or distribution of genetically modified products. However, based on principles of Islamic jurisprudence, ethical norms, legal foundations, and biological evidence, genetically modified products pose a significant threat to public health. Results: In the context of Iran's criminal justice system, although certain activities may be applicable under criminal offenses such as 'corruption on earth' (Ifsad fi l Ardh), 'causing harm' (Tasabib fi al-Jinaayat), and 'acts against public health', the widespread potential threat to human health requires the formulation of specific legislative measures from both a preventive and a criminalization standpoint. Keywords: Criminalization, genetically modified products, biosafety, public health.

کلیدواژه ها:

Criminalization ، genetically modified products ، biosafety ، public health