خلاقیت یا اقتباس در سندنویسی دوره قاجار: بررسی وقف نامه ۱۲۹۸ ه.ق حاج صدرالدین تاجر

The place of composition and the place of certification of a legal document are two closely interwoven and significant topics in historical-documentary studies. This paper examines a single-folio qabāla (legal deed) from the late ۱۳th century AH (۱۹th century CE) from this perspective. The document in question is a waqfnāma dated ۱۲۹۸ AH (۱۸۸۱ CE) belonging to a merchant from Shiraz. It was certified by the renowned Shīʿī jurist Ḥājj Shaykh Zayn al-‛Ābidīn Māzandarānī (۱۲۲۷–۱۳۰۹ AH / ۱۸۱۲–۱۸۹۲ CE), who resided in Karbala. This finely penned waqfnāma features a relatively elaborate and literary preamble. The central question of this study is whether such a busy jurist—with responsibilities that included teaching, leading prayers, and attending to numerous followers from Iran, Iraq, India, and beyond—could have found the time to compose such an ornate text. The analysis—based on archival and library sources—indicates that this waqfnāma was most likely copied from an earlier one drafted and certified fifty-five years prior by the Shaykh al-Islām of Shiraz, with only selected legal clauses updated or revised as needed. Thus, the document is not merely derivative—it may represent a form of textual replication. It is likely that similar adapted documents exist.

کلیدواژه ها:

شیراز ، کربلا ، تاجر ، مجتهد ، وقف نامه