A Review On Compressive Strength, Durability Characteristics And Environmental Impacts Of Concretes Containing Limestone Calcined Clay Cement

Concrete containing calcined clay and limestone powder (LC۳) is a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement, significantly reducing CO₂ emissions. The environmental benefits of LC۳ are substantial, with studies indicating ۳۰–۴۰% lower CO₂ emissions due to reduced clinker content. Research shows LC۳ achieves comparable compressive strength to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) while enhancing durability. The pozzolanic reaction of calcined clay refines the pore structure, improving electrical resistivity and reducing corrosion risks. Additionally, LC۳ exhibits superior resistance to alkali-silica reaction (ASR) by limiting harmful gel formation. Limestone powder, a low-impact material, further enhances sustainability without compromising performance. Despite its energy-intensive calcination process, LC۳’s overall carbon footprint remains significantly lower than OPC. Durability tests confirm LC۳’s long-term viability, demonstrating reduced permeability and enhanced chemical resistance. Its dense microstructure slows chloride and sulfate ingress, making it ideal for harsh environments. However, further research is needed to optimize mix designs and validate large-scale performance.

کلیدواژه ها:

limestone calcined clay concrete ، durability ، compressive strength ، chloride penetration ، pore refinement ، CO۲ emission