Enhancing Underwater Foundation Repair with Concrete Equivalent-Mortar (CEM) Incorporating Xanthan Gum

Numerous studies have focused on the washout resistance and mechanical properties of underwater concrete for applications such as foundation rehabilitation and the repair of deteriorated deep foundations, where concrete must be injected into existing structural elements. While most research emphasizes concrete mix designs incorporating coarse aggregates, the use of such aggregates is often impractical for underwater foundation repairs involving injection into drilled or eroded cavities. This study introduces innovative concrete-equivalent-mortar (CEM) materials capable of providing high-strength, coarse aggregate-free solutions that can be cast and cured directly in submerged conditions. The washout resistance and compressive strength of CEM formulations incorporating xanthan gum as an anti-washout admixture (AWA) are systematically evaluated. The effectiveness of xanthan gum biopolymers in enhancing mix designs is highlighted, promoting their suitability for underwater concrete foundation repairs. These findings are particularly valuable for engineers, contractors, and concrete technicians engaged in marine infrastructure maintenance. The results indicate that xanthan gum significantly improves washout resistance, enabling up to ۸۶% retention of compressive strength in direct underwater placement.

کلیدواژه ها:

Foundation rehabilitation ، washout resistance ، mechanical properties ، Xanthan gum