Background: The use of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles is known for its antimicrobial effect, excellent biocompatibility, and enhancement in tissue regeneration, finding its place in wound treatment. In this regard, the possible alternative use of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO۲-NPs) because use of rising antibiotic-resistant infections has great potential in the treatment of infection to accelerate wound closure and tissue repair. Materials and Methods: The present review combines the results of studies using both animal models and clinical trials in which Titanium dioxide nanoparticles applied to the wounds alone or with the help of a carrier like gelatin. Different models of wounds were studied-infected excision wounds being among them- on the effectiveness of wound healing, including microbiological studies, measurement of wound contraction, and histopathology. In vitro testing of antibacterial efficacy by agar diffusion tests and the process of wound healing were followed by reduction in wound area, histopathological studies, and quantification of hydroxyproline content to demonstrate accumulation of collagen. Results: It showed that there is considerable antimicrobial activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, especially against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) the most common isolated bacterial microorganism from infected wounds, which will reduce bacterial counting in the tissues of wounds compared to the control or gelatin-treated group. It was found that in the TiO۲-NPs-treated wounds, there was acceleration of wound contraction and epithelization, improved fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and less infiltrated inflammatory cells. The combination of
TiO۲-NPs with gelatin was proved to enhance wound healing considerably compared to its standalone components. Conclusion: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles represent an important alternative in wound management because of the antimicrobial defense properties combined with the process of accelerating wound healing. Supplementation with TiO۲-NP, especially when transported by biocompatible gelatin carriers, improves wound contraction and epithelization, with increased collagen synthesis, avoiding infection. These findings support the role of
TiO۲-NPs as a potentially active therapeutic agent in the management of chronic infected wounds.
