New Case, New Care in Burns Patient

Advances in skin substitute technology offer new pathways for effective burn and wound treatment, moving beyond conventional therapies to integrate biologically responsive materials and cellular components that support skin regeneration and reduce scarring. This article reviews recent developments in skin substitutes, highlighting innovative biomaterials, advanced cell integration techniques, and gene-modulating approaches, including the application of hypoxia-inducible factor-۱ alpha (HIF-۱α), to enhance wound healing outcomes. Modern skin substitutes often rely on novel biomaterials, including biocompatible hydrogels, bioengineered matrices, and decellularized tissue scaffolds, designed to closely mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM) and provide a supportive environment for cellular attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Hydrogels, such as those based on hyaluronic acid or alginate, offer a hydrated matrix that supports cellular integration and allows for sustained release of bioactive molecules. Decellularized matrices, derived from porcine or human skin, provide a scaffold that preserves ECM architecture, promoting host cell infiltration and vascularization. These materials not only provide structural support but can also be loaded with therapeutic agents to accelerate healing and reduce inflammation. A significant advancement in the field involves the integration of cellular components within these biomaterial scaffolds. Skin substitutes are increasingly being engineered with keratinocytes and fibroblasts embedded within a synthetic or natural matrix. Some systems incorporate stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have demonstrated benefits in wound healing due to their ability to differentiate, modulate inflammation, and release bioactive molecules. The combination of cells and scaffolds results in engineered skin substitutes that can offer enhanced healing compared to acellular alternatives, particularly by promoting rapid re-epithelialization and reducing fibrotic scarring. Despite these advantages, cellularized skin substitutes face challenges, including immunogenicity, sourcing, and regulatory hurdles, limiting their widespread clinical adoption. Gene modulation represents a growing area of focus for improving skin substitute performance, with HIF-۱α standing out as a key factor in promoting tissue survival under hypoxic conditions. HIF-۱α is a transcription factor that activates in response to low oxygen levels, upregulating genes associated with angiogenesis, cellular metabolism, and survival pathways. Incorporating HIF-۱α or stabilizing agents into skin substitutes has been shown to improve blood vessel formation, reduce cellular stress, and enhance overall healing outcomes. The sustained release of HIF-۱α within bioengineered constructs can provide ongoing support for cellular resilience, particularly in large or

کلیدواژه ها:

Burns Patient ، Skin Substitute Technology ، Wound Treatment ، Biomaterials ، Cellular Components ، Skin Regeneration ، Scarring ، Hydrogels ، Decellularized Matrices ، Gene Modulation ، HIF-۱α ، Wound Healing ، Extracellular Matrix ، Cellular Integration ، Tissue Survival ، Angiogenesis ، Mesenchymal Stem Cells ، Immunogenicity ، Gene Modulating Approaches