Exploring Bismuth-Induced Structural Modifications and Magnetic Phase Transitions in CuFe۲O۴ Ferrite

The effects of diamagnetic bismuth substitution on the microstructural and magnetic properties of sol-gel auto-combustion citrate nitrate synthesized CuFe۲-xBixO۴ (x=۰.۰, ۰.۴, ۰.۸, ۱.۲, ۱.۶ and ۲.۰) nano powders were investigated. The samples were characterized by techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and vibration sample magnetometer. The structural results showed a phase transition from a predominantly tetragonal structure with an I۴۱/amd space group to a tetragonal structure with a P ncc space group. The magnetic properties of the samples revealed a transition from a ferrimagnetic to a diamagnetic phase due to the presence of the diamagnetic Bi۳+. Although the coercive field exhibited a minimum value at a substitution level of x = ۰.۸, the saturation magnetization was found to decrease with increasing Bi substitution, ranging from ۲۵.۰۴ emu/g for x = ۰.۰ to -۰.۰۲ emu/g for x = ۲.۰.

کلیدواژه ها:

Copper spinel ferrite ، Copper Spinel Bismuth ، Citrate Method ، Structural Phase Transition ، Ferrimagnetic to Diamagnetic Transition