Design Scheme and Proportional Analysis of the Kufic Inscription on the Stone Mihrab of Turan Posht Mosque and Pilgrimage Site, Yazd

Introduction: The Mosque and Pilgrimage Site of Turan Posht has a stone mihrab currently preserved in the Freer Gallery of Art in the United States. This stone mihrab features inscriptions in Kufic and Thuluth scripts. Based on the date inscribed on this stone mihrab, this artifact dates back to ۵۴۹ A.H. and the Seljuk period. The Seljuk period was one of the eras when the diversity of design and attention to detail in Kufic inscriptions peaked. The Kufic inscription on this stone mihrab includes verses ۱۷ to ۱۹ of Surah Al-Imran. The research question is: «What is the design scheme and the application of proportions in this Kufic inscription?» This research aims to analyze the proportions and design principles in the Kufic inscription of the stone mihrab of the Mosque and Pilgrimage Site of Turan Posht to find the design scheme.Research Method: This study examines the design principles and proportional systems governing the Kufic inscription on the Seljuk-era stone mihrab (۵۴۹ A.H./۱۱۵۴ C.E.) of Turan Posht Mosque and Pilgrimage Site, Yazd. Using qualitative and historical-analytical methods, we identify a structured design scheme based on proportional units (۱/۴۴ and ۱/۵۶) that systematize the inscription’s layout, letterforms, and plant (vegetal) motifs.Findings: In the design or execution of the Kufic inscription on the mihrab of the mosque and Pilgrimage Site of Turan Posht, the inscription designer used a design scheme based on proportions. This aspect has also influenced the application of its visual features.Conclusion: The research analyses indicate that the Kufic inscription on the stone mihrab of the Mosque and Pilgrimage Site of Turan Posht has a design scheme that has been formed based on fundamental proportions of  and . According to these proportions, the main guiding lines, middle guiding lines, and tabulations of this Kufic inscription have been executed systematically and in accordance with the fundamental proportions. The design and connections of the letters have also been made based on this design scheme, and no word has been designed outside of this plan.

کلیدواژه ها:

Mosques ، Stone Mihrab ، Turan Posht ، Kufic Inscription ، Design Scheme ، Proportions