Magnetic Metal-organic Frameworks for Determination of Heavy Metals in Different Cosmetic Products Available in Iran Market by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

In our study, we developed a novel magnetic-solid-phase extraction (mag-SPE) sorbent by using NiFe۲O۴ nanoparticles (NPs) as a magnetic core, with HKUST-۱ serving as the metal-organic framework (MOF) shell. Sorbent was fabricated using the Pechini method and characterized and confirmed through various techniques. Following characterization, the synthesized mag-SPE sorbent was combined with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) to determine and quantify heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) in various cosmetic product samples available in the Iranian market. We studied the effect of various variables to determine the optimal extraction conditions. The concentration was assessed over a linear range under these optimized conditions: ۰.۵-۱۷۰۰ µg L−۱ for Pb, ۱-۱۵۰۰ µg L−۱ for Cd, and ۱-۲۰۰۰ µg L−۱ for Hg. The R۲ values were ۰.۹۹۹۹۲, ۰.۹۹۷۴۶, and ۰.۹۹۵۴۷, respectively. The LOD (signal (S) to noise (N) = ۳) and LOQ (S/N=۱۰) for Pb were ۰.۱۴۷ µg L−۱ and ۰.۴۹۲ µg L−۱, for Cd they were ۰.۱۶۲ µg L−۱ and ۰.۵۴۱ µg L−۱, and for Hg they were ۰.۲۹۴ µg L−۱ and ۰.۹۸۱ µg L−۱. Moreover, the relative standard deviation (RSD) for Pb, Cd, and Hg were ۱.۲۴%, ۱.۲۲%, and ۱.۱۵%, respectively. Finally, we used the mag-SPE-FAAS method to measure the levels of Pb, Hg, and Cd in various cosmetic samples, including ۸ foreign and ۷ domestic brands of lipsticks, eye shadows, and hair colors. The results were then analyzed separately for each cosmetic sample and compared between the foreign and domestic brands.

کلیدواژه ها:

Cosmetic samples ، heavy metals ، Magnetic metal-organic framework ، NiFe۲O۴@HKUST-۱ ، Solid phase extraction