Identification of key genes and modules in response to pathogens in Capsicum annuum by weighted gene co-expression network analysis

The genus Capsicum (pepper), an important Solanaceae crop plant, is greatly appreciated for its economic importance and nutritional value. However, Capsicum production is highly affected by biotic and abiotic stresses and thus requires more efficient use of plant genetic resources in breeding programs. The main challenges for improving vegetable crops are related to sustainable agricultural development and the utilization of plant varieties resistant to biotic stresses. The range of pathogens afflicting peppers is extensive, and includes organ rot and diseases caused by leaf spots, leaf curl virus, and powdery mildew. Several studies have identified genes conferring resistance/tolerance to major biotic and abiotic stresses have been reported, thereby helping in sustainable production to meet worldwide demand. In this study, a system biology analysis was performed to understand the underlying transcriptomic mechanisms that are critical for the response to these pathogens. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is a powerful approach for interpreting large transcriptomic datasets. This enables the characterization of modules of co-expressed genes that may share biological functional linkages. Based on these results, WGCNA identified five distinct co-expression modules. All module groups were significantly associated with genes involved in the response to biotic stresses. Network analysis also determined hub genes, such as PRs and LOX, which may be involved in regulating multiple pathogen responses. These findings could help understand the mechanisms of response to multiple biotic stresses and to identify candidate genes that may be effective in Capsicum plant breeding programs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Viral infection ، fungal pathogens ، Co-expression ، Transcriptome ، pepper ، Capsicum annuum