Enhancing Diesel Combustion Efficiency with Multi-Stage Fuel Injection: Applications in Maritime and Heavy-Duty Agricultural Engines

Diesel engines are extensively used worldwide, particularly in Iran, for power generation, ship propulsion, and agricultural machinery such as tractors. This study examines the performance of a heavy-duty diesel engine by evaluating four different fuel injection rate models using computational fluid dynamics. Results indicate that the triangular injection rate yields optimal performance, improving brake-specific fuel consumption by ۵.۵% and increasing peak combustion chamber temperature compared to other models. Reducing the nozzle diameter from ۳۳۰ to ۱۹۰ microns enhances combustion efficiency and lowers carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by ۱۵%. Shortening the injection duration to ۲ milliseconds improves specific fuel consumption by ۳.۳%, reflecting better combustion performance. Additionally, a spray angle of ۱۴۷.۵ degrees optimizes fuel-air mixing, leading to more complete combustion and minimal CO emissions. Finally, a ۷.۵% exhaust gas recirculation rate is identified as the optimal balance for reducing both soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Diesel Engines ، Computational fluid dynamics ، Injection Analysis ، Emissions ، performance