Effect of educational interventions on nutritional knowledge of cancer prevention based on health belief model: A systematic review

This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of educational interventions on nutritional knowledge for cancer prevention using the health belief model. Comprehensive searches were conducted in international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, from their inception until June ۱۶, ۲۰۲۴. Keywords derived from Medical Subject Headings such as "Nutrition Knowledge", "Education", "Health Belief Model", and "Cancer" were utilized. The quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical assessment checklist. A total of ۶۱۱ participants were enrolled in five studies, with ۷۸.۳۹% female and ۷۶.۷۶% in the intervention group. The mean age of participants was ۴۲.۱۲ years (SD=۶.۴۷). Of the included studies, one was an RCT, while the remaining four were quasi-experimental. Three studies included a control group, and four studies incorporated a follow-up. Regarding the assessment tools used, four studies employed researcher-developed questionnaires, and one study utilized the nutrition-related cancer prevention knowledge, attitude, and practice (NUTCANKAP) questionnaire for evaluating nutritional knowledge. The mean follow-up period was approximately ۱۴ weeks, and the average duration of the intervention was ۵۴ minutes. Across all studies, the interventions effectively increased nutritional knowledge of cancer prevention based on the health belief model. The findings indicated that education based on the health belief model effectively increased nutritional knowledge of cancer prevention. Health professionals like nurses can use this model to enhance nutritional knowledge. It is recommended that health managers and policymakers create environments that enable health professionals to employ educational strategies based on the health belief model, thereby improving nutritional knowledge.

کلیدواژه ها:

Educational Interventions ، Nutritional ، Knowledge ، cancer ، Prevention ، Health ، Nursing ، Nurses ، Systematic review