Role of Cardio-Vascular Risk Assessment in Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model for Medical Adherence in Patients with Hypertension

Aims: Hypertension is a critical health condition requiring consistent medical adherence to prevent complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a cardiovascular risk assessment and an educational intervention grounded in the Health Belief Model (HBM) on medication adherence among patients with hypertension. Materials & Methods: A semi-experimental study was conducted with three groups: a combined risk assessment and education group, a risk assessment-only group, and a control group, each consisting of ۴۰ patients. Cardiovascular risk was individually assessed in both intervention groups using the Framingham model, with risk categories (low, moderate, high) explained to personalize the intervention and enhance perceived susceptibility. Additionally, patients in the combined intervention group received an educational booklet structured around HBM components. All participants completed questionnaires measuring knowledge, HBM constructs, the Morisky Medication Adherence Questionnaire, and treatment compliance (measured by the ratio of consumed to prescribed medications) at baseline and after three months. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version ۲۶. Findings: The three groups were demographically comparable. Over time, the combined intervention group showed significant improvements in all HBM constructs. The risk assessment-only group demonstrated improvements in perceived barriers, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and awareness. Both intervention groups exhibited enhanced treatment compliance and medication adherence compared to the control group. Conclusion: The combined educational and risk assessment intervention proved more effective in improving awareness and strengthening HBM constructs than risk assessment alone.

کلیدواژه ها:

High Blood Pressure ، Cardiovascular Diseases ، Risk Assessment ، Health Belief Model