EGFR inhibitors in colorectum cancer targeted therapy

Introduction Being the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and the third most common malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a major global health concern. The development of inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has transformed targeted treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). ⁤⁤This review delves into the latest clinical research and the changing landscape of EGFR-targeted treatments in precision oncology. Main Body EGFR inhibition plays a critical role in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as cetuximab and panitumumab demonstrating a special efficacy in left-sided, RAS wild-type tumors.Recent trials, including PARADIGM and VOLFI, have highlighted the value of biomarker-driven, tailored methods by demonstrating the superiority of panitumumab-based regimens in first-line treatment for particular patient subgroups. Even with some wins, fighting against treatments that target EGFR remains a big problem. The paper talks about why treatments don't work at first and why they stop working later. These reasons include changes in KRAS and BRAF genes, changes to the outer part of EGFR, and other pathways getting turned on instead. The paper looks at ways to beat this problem, like using new drug mixes newer drugs that target EGFR better, and better ways to give the drugs. The BEACON CRC trial shows how well mixing drugs can work. It uses encorafenib, cetuximab, and binimetinib to treat mCRC with a specific BRAF V۶۰۰E change. Liquid biopsy methods ctDNA analysis, have an increasing influence on real-time tracking of how tumors react to treatment and develop resistance. Siravegna and colleagues explain the ELEMENT approach, which enables doctors to tweak treatments based on how tumors change over time. Looking ahead, researchers aim to advance EGFR inhibitors in several ways. They plan to test these drugs with immunotherapy in microsatellite stable tumors, create two-target antibodies that focus on EGFR and other pathways, and use AI to forecast how patients will respond to treatment and fine-tune personalized care plans. Conclusion To wrap up, EGFR inhibitor therapy has made a big difference in how mCRC patients do. Ongoing studies into why tumors resist treatment and how they work will broaden the use of EGFR-targeted therapies. The future of CRC care depends on smart use of these treatments, along with new drug combos and ways to track tumors based on each patient's unique cancer. Better knowledge of how tumors fight back and which patients to treat will boost how well cetuximab and similar drugs work. Targeting EGFR is a key way to tackle the aggressive nature of CRC at the molecular level, in line with advances in personalized cancer care.

کلیدواژه ها:

EGFR inhibitors ، colorectal cancer ، targeted therapy ، resistance mechanisms ، biomarkers