Investigating the risk factors of breast cancer in women referring to the surgical clinics of Babol hospitals in the years ۱۳۹۰-۱۴۰۰

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and the main cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Despite the well-known risk factors of contracting it, no comprehensive study was found to investigate these factors in the north of Iran. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the risk factors related to breast cancer in women in northern Iran over a ۱۰-year period. Methods and Materials: In this case-control study, we examined patients with breast cancer referred to the surgery clinic of Ayatollah Rouhani and Ayatollah Beheshti Hospitals during the years ۲۰۱۰ to ۲۰۱۴. The criteria for inclusion in the study included all women of reproductive age (۱۵-۴۹ years) with no history of ovarian surgery and menopause due to primary breast cancer, and if hysterectomy was performed, they had at least ۱ ovary, which was proven pathologically. The exclusion criteria included people's unwillingness to participate in the research, patient's death, and lack of access to patients' files. ۱۳۱ people were in the case group and ۱۳۱ people were in the control group. T-test and chi-square tests were used to compare the demographic characteristics between the two study groups. Patient information was collected through medical records, face-to-face or telephone interviews. The data was analyzed with SPSS۲۶. This research has the code of ethics IR.MUBABOL.HRI.REC, ۱۴۰۱.۲۲۶ Results: ۲۶۲ participants were included in the study, ۱۳۱ people (۵۰%) were in the case group (breast cancer) and ۱۳۱ people (۵۰%) were in the control group. The average age of the participants was ۹۸.۵۶ ± ۰۴.۱۱ years. Between the case and control group in terms of demographic variables, age (P=۰.۲۸۹), height (P=۰.۲۵۴), weight (P=۰.۲۳۹), education level (P=۰.۷۸۵), employment status (P=۰.۶۶۱), marital status (P =۰.۴۲۱), place of birth (P=۰.۶۶۸) and place of residence (P=۰.۴۵۴) had no statistically significant difference. The presence of an underlying disease (P=۰.۰۱۵, OR=۲.۰۶), less physical activity (P=۰.۰۰۵, OR=۰.۴), older age at first delivery (P=۰.۰۰۸, OR=۱.۱۱), lower age at menstruation (P<۰.۰۰۱) , OR=۰.۶۳۰) and breastfeeding history of at least one year (P=۰.۰۰۵, OR=۲.۳) were significantly able to predict the occurrence of breast cancer. Conclusion and discussion: OCP use, underlying disease, less physical activity, older age at first delivery, younger age at menstruation, and history of breastfeeding for at least one year are associated with the incidence of breast cancer.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast cancer ، risk factors ، oral contraceptives