Targeted therapy of kidney cancer
- سال انتشار: 1403
- محل انتشار: دومین کنگره بین المللی کنسرژنومیکس
- کد COI اختصاصی: ICGCS02_366
- زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
- تعداد مشاهده: 73
نویسندگان
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science, and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Department of Biology, Faculty of Bahonar, Farhangian University, Shiraz, Iran
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Shahid Beheshti University (GC), Tehran, Iran
چکیده
Kidney cancer, also called renal cell carcinoma (RCC), ranks as the ۱۴th most widespread cancer. By ۲۰۲۲, over ۴۳۴,۰۰۰ people diagnosed worldwide with this cancer (۱). Targeted treatment by attacking specific molecular pathways that are responsible for the growth of tumors and their development was proposed as one of the treatment strategies for this cancer, which revolutionized the treatment. The efficacy of different targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic RCC (۲). Targeted therapy, a personalized and efficient treatment, aims to focus on specific molecular pathways that fuel cancer advancement in order to reduce harm to healthy cells and improve treatment effectiveness. Methods: A comprehensive review of clinical trials and articles from data sources including PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and clinical trial databases was collected and refined according to the subject. Results: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are one of the chief classes of drugs used in targeted therapy against kidney cancer. Inhibitors such as sunitinib and pazopanib work to reduce angiogenesis and tumor growth by interfering with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Meanwhile, mTOR inhibitors such as Temsirolimus and Everolimus act by disrupting important cellular growth and proliferation pathways (۳). The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as Nivolumab that target programmed death-۱ (PD-۱) and programmed death-ligand-۱ (PD-L۱) has produced remarkable clinical outcomes in the treatment of advanced RCC, significantly transforming the kidney cancer treatment landscape (۴). Biomarker research is critical for the development of targeted therapies for RCC, and such studies are now increasingly trying to use predictive biomarkers to make treatment specific for each patient. For advanced RCC, all targeted medicines have shown a notable improvement in progression-free survival. Among them are Sunitinib, Pazopanib, and Axitinib, which all target the receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor, while Everolimus and Temsirolimus block mTOR. In this way, both mTOR inhibitors affect the cell cycle, which halts proliferation by blocking the mTOR pathway, which is often dysregulated in RCC. Drugs that block MET, such as Cabozantinib, prevent unusual signals from the MET receptor (۳). This has an impact on many cancers, making cancer cells stop growing and spreading. Yet, some issues still need solving. These include how to deal with cancer becoming resistant to targeted treatments and how to manage side effects. Conclusion: Overall, targeted therapy revolutionized RCC treatments. Those combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, and TKIs achieve significant advantages for survival and disease control. Nevertheless, treatment resistance remains a problem. Therefore, research in biomarkers and combination strategies seems to offer an auspicious way of building improved therapeutic outcomes and winning the battle against treatment resistance. This paradigm shift is toward personalized care for kidney cancer patients. Combining targeted therapy with emerging immunotherapies has been a paradigm shift toward the individualization of patient care in oncology, giving new hope to most, if not all, patients with this challenging cancer.کلیدواژه ها
kidney cancer, renal cell carcinoma, targeted therapyمقالات مرتبط جدید
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