Regulating of PD-۱/PD-L۱ pathway by LncRNAs in immunotherapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma
- سال انتشار: 1403
- محل انتشار: دومین کنگره بین المللی کنسرژنومیکس
- کد COI اختصاصی: ICGCS02_030
- زبان مقاله: انگلیسی
- تعداد مشاهده: 82
نویسندگان
چکیده
Introduction The kidney is a crucial organ that maintains fluid and solute balance in the body, eliminates waste from the blood, regulates blood pressure, and secretes hormones. In ۲۰۲۰, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was the sixth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women. RCC is known as one of the most immune-responsive solid tumors, often marked by significant immune cell infiltration, and is the most common type of kidney cancer. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen ۴ (CTLA-۴) and programmed cell death ۱ (PD-۱) are recognized as immune checkpoints that regulate the immune system. The overexpression of these checkpoints, along with the PD-۱ ligand programmed cell death ligand ۱ (PD-L۱), in tumors or immune cells is a significant factor leading to T cell dysfunction, creating an immunosuppressive tumor environment, establishing immune tolerance, and enabling tumor cells to evade immune detection. Genetic factors may affect the risk of RCC, and ongoing large consortium studies are expected to uncover new etiological and prognostic factors, including non-coding RNAs. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are longer than ۲۰۰ nucleotides, play vital roles in regulating biological processes such as cell proliferation, RNA splicing, gene expression, and apoptosis processes that change during cancer development. Methods Eligible articles were identified by searching the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE, primarily targeting publications from the last five years. The search strategy utilized specific keywords as follows: (Kidney cancer [ti] OR Renal cell carcinoma [ti] OR RCC [ti]) AND (immune checkpoint receptor [ti] OR Program death ligand-۱ [ti] OR PD-۱/PD-L۱ pathway [ti] ) AND (Noncoding RNAs [ti] OR Long noncoding RNAs [ti] OR lncRNAs [ti] ) AND (Treatment[ti] OR Immunotherapy [ti]) Data were extracted from eligible articles that contained reviews relevant to the topic of interest, focusing on a prospective clinical perspective, and were included in this review. Results PD-۱ is typically absent on resting T-cells but is upregulated in activated mouse T-cells following TCR engagement. In various cancers, PD-۱ expression is frequently elevated and correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting post-transcriptional regulation, often mediated by noncoding RNAs. High levels of specific lncRNAs alongside PD-۱ expression are linked to distant metastasis and adverse outcomes, highlighting their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinical trials. Therefore, targeting PD-۱/PD-L۱ pathway through lncRNAs immunotherapy could be an effective treatment strategy for kidney cancer. Conclusion Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has proven effective in managing kidney cancer, with targeted therapies in the PD-۱/PD-L۱ pathway significantly advancing research in this area. While survival rates for kidney cancer patients have improved due to advancements in diagnosis and treatment, RCC still lacks effective therapeutic targets and prognostic markers. This review examines the ICI, which is crucial in tumorigenesis and treatment in RCC as a potential target for therapy. Identifying biomarkers in RCC is challenging due to its molecular and genomic diversity and the dominance of loss-of-function events over actionable gain-of-function mutations. Future progress in ICI for RCC will rely on a deeper understanding of immunobiology and emerging biomarkers, informed by findings in other cancers.کلیدواژه ها
kidney cancer, RCC , Immune checkpoint inhibition, PD-۱/PD-L۱, lncRNAsمقالات مرتبط جدید
اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد COI
COI مخفف عبارت CIVILICA Object Identifier به معنی شناسه سیویلیکا برای اسناد است. COI کدی است که مطابق محل انتشار، به مقالات کنفرانسها و ژورنالهای داخل کشور به هنگام نمایه سازی بر روی پایگاه استنادی سیویلیکا اختصاص می یابد.
کد COI به مفهوم کد ملی اسناد نمایه شده در سیویلیکا است و کدی یکتا و ثابت است و به همین دلیل همواره قابلیت استناد و پیگیری دارد.