Orthodontic Treatment Need of an Iranian versus an Arab Population Using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need: A Cross-sectional Study

Aim: This study assessed the orthodontic treatment needs of Iranian and Arab university students using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on ۱۰۰ Arab and ۱۰۰ Iranian patients presenting to Ajman University dental clinic in ۲۰۲۳. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling and were ۱۹‒۲۵ years of age. The dental health component (DHC) and esthetic component (AC) of the IOTN were used to assess their malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test at a significance level of ۰.۰۵. Results: According to the DHC, ۶۰% of Arab and ۶۴% of Iranian patients had malocclusion with moderate to extreme need for treatment. Of the Iranian population, ۱۲% were Grade I (no need), ۲۴% were Grade ۲ (little or mild need), ۲۸% were Grade ۳ (moderate need), ۲۰% were Grade ۴ (severe need), and ۱۶% were Grade ۵ (extreme need). These values were ۱۷%, ۲۳%, ۳۲%, ۲۰%, and ۸%, respectively, for the Arab population. According to the AC, ۵۹% of Iranians and ۵۶% of Arabs required little or no treatment, while ۲۷% of Iranians and ۳۱% of Arabs had moderate need, and ۱۴% of Iranians and ۱۳% of Arabs had severe need for treatment. The difference between the two populations was insignificant in the DHC (P=۰.۴۳۱) or AC (P=۰.۶۸۱) grading. Conclusion: The two groups with different ethnic backgrounds exhibited no significant difference regarding orthodontic treatment needs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Arabs ، Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need ، Iranian People ، Malocclusion ، Orthodontics ، Prevalence