Identification of potential prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma: A networkbased approach

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one of the most common malignant tumor globallywith an extremely high mortality rate, is classified into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, andlarge cell carcinoma (۱, ۲). Adenocarcinoma is the most common type among these three (۳). Longtermsurvival remains low because most patients are diagnosed late. Therefore, it is vital to understandthe molecular mechanisms and identify biomarkers for prognosis and early detection of patients.Two gene expression profiles related to lung adenocarcinoma (GSE۳۲۸۶۳ and GSE۷۵۰۳۷) wereobtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO). To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs)between tumor and normal samples, GEO۲R was used. Enrichr was employed for enrichment analysis.Using Enrichr, GO terms and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was accomplished. Moreover, toreconstruct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, STRING was used. Cytoscape ۳.۹.۱ wasutilized to visualize and analyze the network of DEGs. Using the CytoHubba plugin and based onbetweenness, the top ۱۵ hub genes were selected. Hub genes were validated using GEPIA.Considering GO biological process, DEGs are associated with “Cellular Response To CytokineStimulus”. GO Molecular function revealed the relationship of DEGs with “Calcium Ion Binding”. GOcellular components showed that DEGs are related to “Collagen-Containing Extracellular Matrix”.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed the relationship of DEGs with “Complement andcoagulation cascades”. Based on betweenness centrality, GAPDH, IL۶, IL۱B, CDH۱, UBB, CD۴۴,JUN, ERBB۲, CAV۱, PPARG, PECAM۱, CDH۵, CD۳۴, MMP۹, and COL۱A۱ were considered as hubgenes. By performing overall survival analysis using GEPIA, we observed that GAPDH, and PECAM۱have a reverse relationship with the survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients.By analyzing microarray data and using a network-based approach, we identified GAPDH, andPECAM۱ as potential prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma.

کلیدواژه ها:

Lung Adenocarcinoma ، Differentially Expressed Genes ، DEGs ، Hub Genes