Down-regulation of the DAPK۳ gene is associated with the metastasis of papillary thyroid tumors to the lungs

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent type of thyroid cancer and the one witha favorable prognosis, is the most common type of endocrine-related cancer. The overall ۵-year relativesurvival rate has been reported as high as ۹۷.۵%, and only a tiny percentage of papillary carcinomas areaggressive. The lungs and bones are the most common sites for distant metastasis in PTC, whichcommonly metastasizes to regional lymph nodes. In the presence of distant metastases, patients withPTC have a worse prognosis. Death Associated Protein Kinase ۳ (DAPK۳) has been identified as atumor suppressor whose downregulation promotes cell survival, proliferation, cellular aggregation, andresistance to chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine the role of DAPK۳ in lung metastases fromPTC by performing a meta-analysis of nine datasets selected from the gene expression omnibus (GEO)databank. PTC tissues from patients with and without lung metastasis were compared to identifydifferentially expressed genes (DEGs). A log۲ transformation and quantile normalization were appliedto each dataset, and outliers were eliminated using principal component analysis. Benjamini-Hochbergwas used to adjust P-values. The limma package was used to identify DEGs. Our next step will be toconduct RT-qPCR reactions and analyze melt curves to assess the amplification's specificity. The Livakmethod will be used to analyze relative gene expression. Microarray meta-analysis revealed DAPK۳gene downregulation in PTC tissues of patients with lung metastasis compared to patients withoutmetastasis (logFC = - ۲.۰۶, adj.p.val = ۰.۰۰۰۸۹۶). PTC tissues with lung metastasis expressed lowerDAPK۳ gene expression than those without, suggesting that this gene plays a role in lung metastasis.

کلیدواژه ها:

thyroid cancer ، PTC ، differential expression analysis ، DAPK۳ ، lung metastasis