Justification for the Function of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases Based on the Quantum-Perturbation Theory, a Quantum Biological Approach

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are a family of enzymes used for protein biosynthesis, their catalytic mechanismis based on the binding of the tRNA with the associated amino acid. These enzymes have the peculiarity of combiningtwo different biological coding languages: the protein coding language (amino acid sequences) and the DNA codinglanguage (nitrogen-containing bases). Human body cells produce twenty different ARS types and each one is capableof specifically recognizing an amino acid among the twenty natural amino acids. Since the size of these enzymes is onthe nanoscale, we believe that their action can be based on quantum mechanical effects. Francis Crick explained thedifference between the number of tRNAs and the number of codons in the Wobble hypothesis. In this paper, we wantto justify why the number of tRNAs is higher than that of enzymes (ARS). Indeed, the main questions are: how doesARS identify specific tRNAs for each amino acid that is affine to an ARS? How is ARS not confused with other tRNAsthat have no affinity between the amino acid and the ARS and have an error coefficient of one ten thousandth? In thisarticle, we have tried to address the process and order of connection amino acid and tRNA to the ARS, from a physicalperspective (using quantum concepts). In other words, this article focuses on quantum signaling and detection processesof ARS enzymes and the justification for their low error.

کلیدواژه ها:

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases (ARSs) ، Amino acid ، mRNA ، tRNA ، rRNA ، Hamiltonian ، Interaction Hamiltonian ، Perturbation Theory