Microbial Single Cell Protein (SCP) Production Using Municipal Waste

The rapid growth of the world's population and its expected increase to ۹.۷ billion people by ۲۰۵۰will lead to two major challenges of waste accumulation and lack of protein supply. Therefore, proteinproduction from alternative sources, such as microorganisms, has attracted scientific attention. Single cellprotein (SCP), dead and dried microbial cells or protein extracted from pure microbial culture on variouscarbon sources, is used as a protein supplement in human food or animal feed. In addition to high protein,SCP contains fat, carbohydrates, nucleic acid, vitamins and minerals and is rich in essential amino acids suchas lysine, threonine and methionine. In the SCP production technique, microorganisms use cheap andabundant agricultural, agricultural and some industrial wastes as a source of carbon and energy for growthand biomass production, and this can also help reduce the environmental effects caused by incorrect wastedisposal. In addition, microbial proteins have a special feature due to their high efficiency in substrateconversion due to the high growth rate of microorganisms, a wide range of substrates, no need for arableland, and not depending on weather and seasonal changes.Undoubtedly, one of the main challenges of the city of Tehran is its urban waste management, and in thisregard, various programs have been implemented in many areas in recent years. However, for variousreasons, these programs have not been able to help solve this problem. Another point is that most of theprograms are focused on the separation of waste from the source and management of dry waste, and theview regarding wet urban waste has been a threatening view. This issue also applies to the waste relatedto the fruit and vegetable fields of the city, and unfortunately, a large amount of fruit and summervegetables from these fields enter the waste network every day. Meanwhile, this significant volume ofwaste (wet waste) can provide a suitable platform for the production of microbial single-cell protein (SCP).In this technology, by using the activity of specific microorganisms on the waste bed (as a source of carbonand energy), protein can be produced and in addition to reducing adverse environmental effects, it alsohelps to provide protein to the society. Therefore, in this plan, the latest developments in SCP production,microbial strains and substrates that have been used for its biosynthesis, its uses and nutritional value, andhow to use waste in this technology have been discussed.

کلیدواژه ها:

Single Cell Protein ، SCP ، Residue ، Microbial Protein