Comparison of two translations of John Steinbeck's book of Mice and Men from the perspective of cultural and social components

Abstract Translation is the process of converting the meaning of a written message (text) from one language to another. Almost any definition of translation includes three important parts: source language, target language, and meaning transfer. In simpler terms, translators transfer the meaning from the text written in the source language to the target language. Translators must strike a fine balance between preserving the original meaning of the text and creating a natural text in the target language to ensure that the final text conveys the same message, feeling, and tone as the original text. Therefore, in addition to high linguistic expertise, the translator must have a good knowledge of both the source language and the target language, because he must convey the author's intention, thoughts, and original ideas in the translated version as accurately and faithfully as possible. With the help of translation science, the study of scientific texts in other languages by scientists increased. This caused the translation of texts from other languages to be considered and also people to learn other languages to translate. According to the stated contents, the present study tries to compare the translations of the novel " Mice and Men " written by John Steinbeck.It should be noted that in this topic, only the social and cultural issues in the novel have been discussed, which has been adapted based on Julian House's translation model. The racist cases of the author are evident in the translation of Mahtab Gharar.