Optimizing callus induction and analyzing in vitro phytochemicals in San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi)

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to examine the impact of explant type and varying concentrations of ۲,۴-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and ۶-Benzyladenine growth regulators on the San Pedro cactus callus morphological and biochemical characteristics. Research method: Four types of explants were used i.e. explants with areola, without areola, with truncated areola, and with central tissue. Additionally, five combinations of BA and ۲,۴-D, were tested (۰ mg/L BA + ۲ mg/L ۲,۴-D, ۲ mg/L BA + ۲ mg/L ۲,۴-D, ۳ mg/L BA + ۳ mg/L ۲,۴-D, ۴ mg/L BA + ۴ mg/L ۲,۴-D, ۰ mg/L BA + ۰ mg/L ۲,۴-D). Findings: The results indicated that callus formation induced in all treatments ۶ days after inoculation. There were significant differences in growth parameters, including fresh weight, volume, moisture, tissue firmness, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the callus (P < ۰.۰۱) and dry weight of callus (P < ۰.۰۵). Explants holding a segment of central tissue, yielded the least favorable results in most of experimental treatments, and the application of ۲,۴-D in the absence of BA had an inhibitory and toxic effect on the San Pedro cactus explants. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/Value: Specifically, use of ۲ mg/L BA + ۲ mg/L ۲,۴-D and explants with areola resulted in callus with higher fresh weight, volume and total flavonoids, as well as good tissue integrity and firmness. The reported results are a valuable resource for future research related to cell tissue culture and the elicitation of secondary metabolites in Echinopsis spp.

کلیدواژه ها:

Explants ، growth regulators ، Tissue culture