Morpho-physiological and essential oil characters of Savory (Satureja bachtiarica) by affected of elicitors and irrigation regimes

The present study was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to investigate the effect of elicitors on the morpho-physiological characters and essential oil quantity and quality of Satureja bachtiarica. Three irrigation regimes (۳, ۶, ۹ day interval) in main plots and foliar application of organic (chitosan, salicylic acid, phenylalanine) and alcoholic elicitors (ethanol, methanol, acetone) with control level (without any spraying) in sub plots were done. According to obtained results, applied elicitors significantly influenced the morpho-physiological and phytochemical characters of S.bachtiarica. In two years, the highest chlorophyll content (۱.۳۷-۱.۴۱ mg.g-۱FW) and total phenol content (۲.۳۴-۲.۵۱ mg.g-۱FW) were obtained in chitosan (۰.۲۵ mg.l-۱), ethanol (۱۰ %) and phenylalanine (۱ mg.l-۱) treatments by irrigation regimes ۳ and ۶ day interval, respectively. The highest essential oil contents (۱.۶۱-۱.۵۹%) were obtained from the plants treated by chitosan (۰.۲۵ mg.l-۱) and phenylalanine (۱g.l-۱) by irrigation regime ۳ day interval. The most important chemical compounds that determine the quality of S.bachtiarica essential oil included alcoholic monoterpenes such as P-cymene (۳۵.۴-۲۰.۱ %), gamma-terpinene (۱۷.۷۴-۶.۷۱ %), Carvacrol (۳۶.۵۴-۲۲.۱۴ %), Alpha-terpinene (۲.۵۶-۰.۶۵ %), Germacrene-D (۲.۰۱-۰.۶۵ %) and Thymol (۱.۴۵-۰.۵۴ %) made the most components of essential oil plants. Foliar application of chitosan (۰.۲۵ mg.l-۱), ethanol (۱۰ %) and phenylalanine (۱g.l-۱) significantly increased the monoterpene alcohols compounds in essential oils of S.bachtiarica. Generally, the application of chitosan at ۰.۲۵ gr.l-۱ can be a good strategy to improve morpho-physiological characters and essential oil quantity and quality of S.bachtiarica in same climate.

کلیدواژه ها:

Carvacrol ، Chitosan ، Ethanol ، Foliar application ، Irrigation ، آبیاری ، اتانول ، کارواکرول ، کیتوزان ، محلول پاشی