Can oral bacteria lead to memory loss?

Dementia causes the decline of behavioral skills, functional ability and cognitive functionswhich affected language skill, memory, visual perception, problem solving, self-managementand pay attention. Periodontitis, as chronic inflammation, is a risk factor in dementia andAlzheimer’s disease (AD). Several factors disrupts oral homeostasis including genetic,nutrients, smoking, oxygen tension, age, diet, oral hygiene, vaccines, antimicrobials andbiomaterials composition like implant and denture. Periodontal pathogen related withgastrointestinal diseases like appendicitis, as well as head and neck infections. Polymicrobialinfections (e.g., T. forsythia, T. denticola, F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis) caused periodontalpockets, alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory responses. P. gingivalis, as gram-negativeanaerobic bacterium, aggravate tau protein phosphorylation, amyloid deposition,neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment, and dementia. In carrying apoE۴ allele subjects, P.gingivalis, Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, could active microglia through tyrosinekinase binding protein (TYR-OBP) which expressed on myeloid cells-۲ for suppression ofimmune system. Lipopolysaccharide of P. gingivalis caused cognitive dysfunction, learningimpairment and memory loss through activation of the Toll- like receptors (TLR۴) signallingpathway. In addition, gingipain (protease that produced by P. gingivalis) detected in AD brainpatients which used as dementia biomarker. Gingipain load in AD brain suggested therelation between P. gingivalis and dementia or low number of teeth and cognitive dysfunctionin apoE۴ subjects. Gingipain inhibitors like COR۳۸۸ and COR۲۸۶ prevented the colonizationof P. gingivalis in the brain, prevented the dementia and useful in treatment of aspirationpneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, PerioD and AD.

کلیدواژه ها:

Dementia ، Porphyromonas gingivalis ، Alzheimer’s Disease ، Inflammation