New approaches biomining and recycling of Metals by using synthetic Biology

Daniel Gibson and his co-workers at the J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) did just synthetic genome. Building on ۱۵ years of investigation, the JCVI researchers used a computer to design a genome and a DNA synthesizer to make short stretches of DNA. These were stitched together to create a ۱.۰۸ million base pair genome based on the chromosome of Mycoplasma mycoides. The genome was transplanted into M. capricolum, which after a few rounds of replication consisted entirely of molecules whose synthesis was directed by a chromosome that started as computer code and four bottles of deoxyribonucleotides. The new microbe is known as M. mycoides JCVI-Syn ۱.۰, or just Syn ۱.۰.Synthetic biology involves the application of engineering principles to molecular biology, and the adoption of the philosophy of ‘design, build, test, and learn’, allowing iterative construction and feedback loop analyses. The exception to this is that of the more established BioBrick system, for which there are examples of its implementation for the bioremediation of gold, cobalt and nickel, mercury, and the detection of arsenic, mercury and copper. The use of biological organisms to recovery of metals from the environment is an important step in limiting the threat to metal criticality as well as a means for the detoxification of land and wastewater. Synthetic biology offers the genetic tools to respond to this opportunity by adapting current organisms or more model- organisms to improve this recovery process. Though at the small scale currently, its adaption to the industrial level, will require both a political and social acceptance genetically modified organism. Synthetic biology will continue to spread to an even wider number of organisms and help in the replacement of technologies currently carried out by chemical methods especially in bioleaching and bioremediation researches.

کلیدواژه ها:

Synthetic biology ، Bioleaching ، Contaminated soil ، bioremediation